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F.Y.I.

 

Fall Color Update - Weekly update on Fall Leaves in Missouri - added 10/27/06

Night Vision - added 10/24/06

 

bulletFamous Horses - Encyclopedia Smithsonian
bullet2006 Missouri Hunting Season
bullet2006 Spring Turkey Season
bullet2004 Deer Season Schedule
bullet4 Groups of Breeds
bulletAge of a Horse
bulletAge By Teeth
bulletAnatomy
bulletAnimal I.D. in Missouri
bulletBody Parts 1
bulletBody Parts 2
bulletBody Parts Quiz
bulletBreeds of the World
bullet Calories Burned During Exercise
bulletCoat Color Genetics
bulletColors
bulletColor Chart
bulletDay of the Horse
bulletDictionary of Horse Terms
bulletEquine Survey 
bulletFace & Leg Markings
bulletFamous Horses
bulletFind 15 Horses
bulletFoal Calculator
bulletGot Milt?
bulletGuiness Book of World Records
bullet 
bullet 
bulletHeight of a Horse
bulletHorse Age Vs Human Age
bulletHorse Commandments
bulletHorse Facts
bulletHorse Facts 2
bulletHorse Facts 3
bulletHow long do Horses Live - 2006
bulletMane Care
bulletMissouri Equine Industry Month
bulletMissouri Equine Statutes
bulletMissouri State Horse
bulletMounted Color Guard
bulletMost Asked Questions of Lawyers
bulletOdd Things that Horses Eat
bulletOnline Parts of Horse Quiz
bulletParts of the Foot
bullet Points of the Horse
bulletQuick Release Knot
bulletSkeleton
bulletTemperature of Horses
bulletTobiano Paint Horse Trivia
bulletTrue Horse Stories
bulletV Rigging
bulletWest Nile Virus
bulletWild Horses in Missouri?
bulletWorld's Largest Draft Horse
bulletWorld's Largest Horse

 

 

 

Stranded Horses Rescued off a small island in the Netherlands.  Click here to watch the video

 

 

Your Horse's Night Vision
With the horse's superior night vision, negotiating a trail in the dark is no sweat.

Even when daylight hours are short, you needn't restrict your riding times to places with full natural or artificial lighting. Horses have excellent night vision, and on a night lit by a partial moon or by bright stars alone, normally sighted horses can see as well as you do in full daylight.

Riding in the dark does make some riders queasy, but mounted horses are perfectly capable of safely negotiating open fields and lightly wooded areas after sunset. The extreme darkness of dense woods and those rare pitch-black nights isn't entirely suitable for riding, but in familiar territory your horse can navigate well enough when you allow him to choose his own path.

Horses require approximately 15 minutes for their vision to adjust when moving between differently lighted environments. Remain on familiar paths and keep to a slow pace after emerging from a brightly lighted barn for an unlighted evening ride or when turning horses out for the night.

Sudden brightness takes an equal amount of adjustment, as you notice each time you flip the barn light switch for the predawn feeding: Every occupant squints and blinks until his eyes adapt.

 

 

 

 

2006 Regular Spring Turkey Season in Missouri

Season Dates:

April 24–May 14, 2006

Shooting Hours:

1/2 hour before sunrise to 1 p.m. Central Daylight-Saving Time

 

 

How Long Do Horses Live (2006)

How long does a horse live and what is the conversion factor for horse years to human years? At a recent British Equine Veterinary Association meeting, it was reported that the average horse lives 28 + 5 years and the conversion factor of 2.2 should be used to compare a horse's age to human years. The 45-year-old pony named Tawney, which was living in Thorold, Ontario (Canada) in 1999, was equivalent to a 99-year-old person.

from Dr. Bob Wright, Ontario Min. of Agriculture and Food, Fergus, Ontario, Canada

 

 

 

V Rigging Your Saddle
Most Western saddles are ready to be 'V' rigged.  You start by buying an additional Latigo strap (for the 'off-side').  Install the latigo strap on the back cinch ring of the saddle.  Move the on-side latigo to the back cinch ring as well.  This will place the latigo knot at the back cinch
ring when you're done girthing up...   the latigos (either side) come down to the ring on the girth (enters the ring from the side of the horse), then up to the front cinch ring on the saddle (enters the ring from your side), then back to the girth ring (again enters from the horse side of the ring), and return to the rear saddle cinch ring, where you tie it off with a standard
cinch knot.  Same thing on the other side.  Make sure the girth is even side to side, tighten whichever side needs to be drawn up.  (Once you get this right, you cinch up normally on the left side, leave the right side latigo tied.  You'll need to check this a couple of times over the course of the riding season, or as your horses condition changes.)

I've attached a picture of the latigo and girth done up this way, and
several showing how to tie off the latigo, (6 total .jpg files) so it's
easier to visualize...

PS  if the saddle does not have rear cinch rings, yes, take it to your local saddle shop and have them add them.  Tell them you are going to use them to 'v' rig the saddle, as they might use lighter leather to attch rings used only for a rear cinch.
 

Click on Thumbnail for Larger Picture

 

 

 

Horse Commandments

Commandments written by Dr. Deb Bennett Equine Studies Institute


THOU SHALT NOT SCARE THY HORSE TO DEATH Neither because you're mad, nor by the force of your aids, nor by the force of your personal energy. When your horse makes a mistake, it is not your business to punish, but to teach - and re-teach.


THOU SHALT NOT GET THY HORSE IN TROUBLE So that he loses his perfect inner comfort; nay, not even because you yourself are brave. Your main aim is to help your horse stay 100% OK 100% of the time. For your bravery does not help him; what he needs is help finding courage within himself. Nor does he understand your "performance requirements." For truly, no amount of performance nor degree of obedience is justified when it is not the horse's idea as much as yours.


THOU SHALT NOT REST AT THE BARN Neither should you always get off your horse there. Instead, either tie your horse up at the barn, or find some busy work to do there. Don't ride him away from the barn in order to work him - ride him away from the barn in order to rest him!


THOU SHALT NOT WORK THY HORSE HARD Without thorough warm-up, nor ask of him more work far away from the barn than at the barn, nor overmuch at any time. Remember that your horse learns only upon release and reflection. Blessed is the time of quiet unity which often comes at the end of a ride; blessed is him who would rather play with his horse's tail. And blessed are the little children, for they know not the meaning of hardness and contest.


THOU SHALT NOT RENDER THY HORSE'S BODY HARD Nay, not even in quest of "fitness." Remember that the horse's heart is already created bigger and his muscles stronger than those of any other creature. Hardness of muscle deprives your horse's joints of range of motion. O vain human! Your plans for fitness are no more than legs upon a snake, and your failures in competition are the result of your own errors.


THOU SHALT NOT PUT THY PETTY AMBITIONS AHEAD OF THY HORSE'S WELFARE For truly, no horse knows the cut of your saddle, the style of your hat, the color of your ribbon, the time on your watch, nor the smell of your money.
THOU SHALT NOT HANG UPON THE REINS Neither through thoughtlessness nor because some "authority" has taught you that this is necessary. Never pick up the rein unless you intend to wait at the same pressure until there is a change in the neck and a change in the feet. And when there is a change - then you shall release!


THOU SHALT NOT PULL You shall not turn your horse's head and neck away from the direction of his attention. For truly where his eyeballs point, there also shall his feet be pointing -- no matter how hard you drag on his head. Horses do not steer from the head; they steer from the brain. Therefore shalt thou call the birdie.


THOU SHALT LEARN TO USE THE OUTSIDE REIN WELL You shall not steer; but instead, you shall prevent the horse from turning away. You shall call the birdie into the turn, knowing this will turn the feet as well as shaping up the body. You shall guide the inside forefoot by connecting that rein to it, and you shall anchor the outside hind foot by feeling of it. And to stop you shall stop the feet, not the face. And when thus for a time you shall have turned and stopped, so that the horse's body and postural habits shall have developed, truly will you call that collection.


THOU SHALT LEARN TO WAIT FOR THE HORSE TO RELEASE And if he does not release, you shall continue to wait at the same pressure. And while waiting you shall not move your hand forward, neither shall you move it back, nor yet shall you repeat your first request, but you shall simply wait!


THOU SHALT NOT TRY TO OBTAIN COLLECTION BY "CAPTURING THE FACE" OR MERELY BENDING THE NECK Nor through a "head set," nor by means of a "frame," neither by "pushing the horse forward from the seat and leg into a fixed hand," nor yet by leaning back to "weight the hindquarters." For these are the dictates of ignorance. Thou shalt remember that a horse is "on the bit" when every change in the rein creates an equivalent change in the hindquarters. This saying is correct, and implies humane and intelligent technique; but even technique shall pass away. Yet unto those that live all these commandments, collection shall be given: for the truth is, the horse collects from his innermost self, out of the joy of his being; he teaches people what collection is, and for this he needs no help from you.


THOU SHALT MAKE THE WRONG THING DIFFICULT AND THE RIGHT THING EASY - BUT THOU SHALT EMPHASIZE MAKING THE RIGHT THING EASY How easy it is for us to make it tough on the horse when he makes a mistake! How difficult to create ways to make doing the right thing easy and obvious!


THOU SHALT STRIVE TO GET YOUR HORSE TO WHERE HE WANTS TO BE WITH YOU MORE THAN HE WANTS TO BE ANYWHERE ELSE For truly, your ability to create ways to do this is the measure of your intelligence, and this shall be the measure by which results are measured out to you.

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2004 Deer Season Schedule

from the Missouri Department of Conservation

Missouri has two deer hunting seasons: firearms and archery. The archery season is in two segments, and the firearms season consists of five portions: urban, youth only, November, muzzleloader and antlerless only.

Deer Seasons  
Season Open Date Close Date Comments
Deer Archery Wed, Sep 15, 2004 Fri, Nov 12, 2004 See Wildlife Code
Deer Urban Portion of Firearms Season - in Boone, Cass, Christian, Clay, Cole, Greene, Jackson, Platte, St. Charles, St. Louis and Webster counties. Fri, Oct 8, 2004 Mon, Oct 11, 2004 See Wildlife Code
Deer Youth portion of Firearms Season Sat, Nov 6, 2004 Sun, Nov 7, 2004 See Wildlife Code
Deer November Portion of Firearms Season Sat, Nov 13, 2004 Tue, Nov 23, 2004 See Wildlife Code
Deer Archery Wed, Nov 24, 2004 Sat, Jan 15, 2005 See Wildlife Code
Deer Muzzleloader Portion of Firearms Season Fri, Nov 26, 2004 Sun, Dec 5, 2004 See Wildlife Code
Deer Antlerless Only Portion of Firearms Season Sat, Dec 11, 2004 Sun, Dec 19, 2004 In 74 counties; See Wildlife Code

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Horse Temperatures: 99.5 to 101.5 degrees Fahrenheit for a resting adult horse. Up to 102 degrees Fahrenheit for foals and yearlings.

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  True Horse Stories

True tales of horses are only a click away! New stories are constantly added to the categories below. Here, horses are exposed in their true and beautiful colors of their souls and hearts.  Stories of Courage, Kindness, Humor, Wisdom, Intelligence, Survival, Friendship, and More. 

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  Famous Horses

The National Museum of Natural History often receives requests for information on famous horses which are believed to be part of the Smithsonian's research collection or on display in the exhibit areas. Several of the horses listed are part of the Museum's collection; The rest are displayed or stored at other institutions. The following facts have been compiled from the files of the Division of Mammals of the Museum's Department of Systematic Biology, Vertebrate Zoology Section, personal correspondence, and accession and catalogue records.

Click Here

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  Most-Asked Questions of Horse Lawyers

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  Tobiano Paint Horse Trivia

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  Calories Burned During Exercise  

Activity (1 hour)

130lbs

155lbs

190lbs

Horse grooming 354
422
518
Horse racing, galloping 472
563
690
Horseback riding, general
236
281
345
Horseback riding, trotting 384
457
561
Horseback riding, walking 148
176 216

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  Odd Things that Horses Eat

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The Age of a Horse

To tell the age of any horse,
Inspect the lower jaw, of course;
The six front teeth the tale will tell,
And every dought and fear dispel.

Two middle nippers you behold,
Before the colt is two weeks old;
Before eight weeks, two more will come,
Eight months the corners cut the gum.

The outside grooves will disappear,
From middle two in just one year;
in two years from the second pair,
In three years "corner", too, are bare.

At two the middle "nippers" drop,
At three the second pair can't stop;
When four years old the third pair goes,
At five a full new set he shows.

The deep black spots will pass from view,
At six years from the middle two;
The second pair at seven years,
At eight the spot each corner clears.

From middle "nippers" upper jaw,
At nine the black spots will withdraw;
The second pair at ten are bright,
Eleven finds the corners light.

As time goes on the horsemen know,
The oval teeth three-sided grow;
They get longer, project before,
Till twenty, when we know no more.

........Author Unknown

This is an old poem sent to The Budget newspaper in Sugarcreek, Ohio by Eli E.A. Schwartz of Seymour, Missouri over 25 years ago.

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MISSOURI STATE GOVERNMENT WEB
PROCLAMATIONS
 

WHEREAS, Missouri’s history is rich in equine tradition, with horses and mules playing a significant role in the building and farming of our state; and

 

WHEREAS, Missouri is home to numerous horse breeds that are highlighted at shows and sales throughout the state; and

 

WHEREAS, equestrian activities encourage discipline and quality family recreation for Missouri’s citizens, both rural and urban; and

 

WHEREAS, equestrian activities offer participants the opportunity to enjoy the scenic beauty of our state through trail riding and Missouri is a premier destination for out of state trail riders; and

 

WHEREAS, Missouri boasts 200,000 head of equine, third only to Texas and California; and

 

WHEREAS, the value of Missouri equine is estimated at $420 million, second only to the state’s cattle and calf industry; and

 

WHEREAS, the equine industry contributes significantly to Missouri’s agricultural, tourist, and state economies; and

 

WHEREAS, the Missouri Equine Industry Council works to unite Missouri’s horse industry through awareness events and celebrations of the equine industry:

 

NOW, THEREFORE, I, BOB HOLDEN, GOVERNOR OF THE STATE OF MISSOURI, do hereby proclaim March 2003 to be

 

EQUINE INDUSTRY MONTH

 

in the State of Missouri.

IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and caused to be affixed the Great Seal of the State of Missouri, in the City of Jefferson, this 12th day of February, 2003.

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  Guiness Book of World Records

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LONGEST HORSE-DRAWN JOURNEY
The Grant family of the UK traveled over 27,650 km (17,200 miles) during a round-the-world trip in a horse-drawn trailer (caravan). They began their... more

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MOST HORSE RACING WINS IN A YEAR - TRAINERS
The most wins in a year for a horse trainer is 496 in 1976, by Jack Charles Van Berg of the USA , (b. June 7, 1936).... more

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MOST HORSE RACING CAREER WINS
The most racing wins in a horse racing owner’s career is 4,775 by USA's Marion H. Van Berg (1895–1971) in North America. Marion’s career spanned 35... more

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MOST RUNNERS IN A HORSE RACE
The most horses in a race was 66, in the Grand National at Aintree, Liverpool, UK, on March 22, 1929.... more

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LARGEST PRIZE FOR A SINGLE HORSE RACE
The largest prize for a single horse race is for the Dubai World Cup, held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, which carries a total purse of... more

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JOCKEY WITH MOST HORSE RACING CAREER WINS
The most wins by a jockey in a horse racing career is 9,311 by Laffit Pincay Jr.from the USA, from his first winner on May 16th, 1964 to the... more

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SMALLEST HORSE
The smallest horse in the world is Black Beauty, a miniature black mare measuring 47 cm (18.75 in) tall and weighing 18.8 kg (41.5 lb). The half-pint... more

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GREATEST RACING CAREER WINNINGS BY A JOCKEY
Chris McCarron was born in 1955 in Massachusetts, USA. He began racing professionally in 1974 and won his first race after just 16 days as a jockey.... more

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HORSE OWNER'S BIGGEST ANNUAL EARNINGS
The greatest amount won in a year by a horse racing owner is $9,086,629 by Allen E. Paulson (USA, 1922-2000) in North America and Dubai in... more

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HIGHEST CAREER EARNINGS GENERATED BY A FILLY
The highest horse racing career earnings by a filly or mare is ¥1.08 billion ($8.3 million) by Hokuto Vega (foaled 1990) in Japan from 1993 to 1997.... more

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HIGHEST AMOUNT WON IN ONE HORSE RACE
The highest amount won in one horse race is $3.6 million by Dubai Millennium (foaled 1996) in the Dubai World Cup on March 25, 2000.... more

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FASTEST WINNER OF ENGLISH DERBY HORSE RACE
In June 1995, Lammtarra won the English Epsom Derby in 2 minutes 32.31 seconds.... more

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MOST ENGLISH DERBY HORSE RACE WINS
Lester Piggot of the UK, has won the English Epsom Derby a record nine times, from 1954 to 1983.... more

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FASTEST OAKS HORSERACING WIN
The racehorse Intrepidity achieved a time of 2 mins, 31.19 seconds at the Oaks in 1993. Intrepidity was a three year old fillie when she won the... more

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FASTEST TIME TO WIN THE ST LEGER
The fastest St Leger race was won in 1926 by the horse Coronach, who achieved a time of 3 minutes 1.6 seconds. This time was equalled by Windsor Lad... more

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New World's Largest Horse - July 2003

July 31, 2003 -- Texans have a new bragging right: The world's tallest horse.

Goliath, an 8-year-old Percheron gelding, stands 19 hands and one-inch at the withers; that's 6-feet, five-inches at the top point of the shoulder.

On July 11, 2003 the Guinness Book of World Records declared Goliath as the biggest horse in the world.  

Wondering how much a 19.1 hand horse can eat?  Well, he eats 18 pounds of 14 percent feed, and a bale of coastal hay each day.  

Goliath doesn't each much grass. His owner, Bynum, explained that Goliath can't reach the grass very well. Because of his extraordinary height, his neck just isn't long enough for him to comfortably graze. Bynum said, "He'll stretch his (front) legs apart like a foal so he can get his head down there (to the grass)."

Click here to learn more

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The World's Largest Draft Horse

The World's Largest Draft Horse: Purebred Belgian stallion by the name of Brooklyn Supreme. He stood 19.2 hands (6'6") at his withers. He weighed over 3,200 pounds.  He was foaled in 1928 and died in 1948. This photo was taken when he was fully mature. He lived in Iowa.

Click here for more unconfirmed accounts of the world's largest draft horses.

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Not really an FYI, but kind of fun.

Can you find the 15 Horses that are in this picture?

 

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Wild Horses in Missouri?

Wild Horses in Eminence, Missouri

We've all heard of wild horses in Nevada and California.  But have you ever thought that there might be wild horses in Missouri?  Well, whether you have ever thought of that perplexing question or not, Missouri definitely does have it's own wild horses.  

In the Twin Rivers area of the National Scenic Riverways near Eminence, there are 4 or 5 different herds of wild horses.  These horses are believed to be descendents of horses that had either escaped during the civil war, or may have been set free during the great depression, when many people in the area left the land.  

The National Park Service has tried to eliminate the wild horses from the park.  However, the locals and horse lovers have come to the rescue.  Therefore, Congress passed S. 796 and H.R. 238 bills in order to provide for the protection of wild horses within the Ozark National Scenic Riverways in Missouri.  This prohibits the Park Service from removing the horses.  The herd was 32 horses strong in 1996.  When it reaches 50 horses, the excess horses will be put up for adoption. 

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You probably know that Missouri has a state flower, we have a state tree, we have a state bird, but did you know that Missouri now has it's own State Horse?  

Signed into legislation on June 4th, 2002, the Missouri Fox Trotter, Missouri's very own and bred in the Ozarks, became the official state horse.   

Click here to see the actual bill and the pen used to sign it.  

This is a positive step for the entire horse community, as it increases public awareness as to the importance of all horses in our past, present, and future.

The American Horse, an American Tradition

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The Legislature of the State of California hereby proclaims December 14, 2002, to be the Day of the Horse in the State of California. 

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Equine Survey 

from Cedar Valley Riders Club --Thanks for sharing the info!

 

Would you believe me if I told you Missouri ranks third in the nations equine inventories?  Well it's true!  According to a survey of 2,300+ equine enthusiasts, performed by Missouri's State Agricultural Department,  Missouri boasts 200,000 head, third only to Texas and California.
 
Missouri's equine value was estimated at $420 million, second only to the state's cattle and calf industry.  Light horse breeds, such as quarter horses, accounted for more than 86 percent of the state's total equine population and led the overall value at $380 million. 
 
The state's equine assets totaled $8.5 billion.  Land, fencing and buildings, the industry's largest assets, accounted for nearly 90 percent of the total.  Vehicles and equipment were cited as the next larges asset category at $750 million, tack and clothing added $410 million with feed and supplies providing the remaining $40 million.
 
Sales of equine were found to exceed purchases by $10 million.  The survey indicated 5,000 owners sold an average of four equine in 2001, generating $45 million in sales.
 
For more information or to request a copy of the survey contact the Missouri Agricultural Statistics Service at 573-876-0950 or the Missouri Department of Agriculture at 573-751-4645 or click below to read the survey.

Missouri Equine Survey

The American Horse, an American Tradition

 

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Missouri Revised Statutes

Chapter 537
Torts and Actions for Damages
Section 537.325

Augusts 28, 2002 - 2. Except as provided in subsection 4 of this section, an equine activity sponsor, an equine professional or any other person or corporation shall not be liable for an injury to or the death of a participant resulting from the inherent risks of equine activities and, except as provided in subsection 4 of this section, no participant or a participant's representative shall make any claim against, maintain an action against, or recover from an equine activity sponsor, an equine professional, or any other person from injury, loss, damage or death of the participant resulting from any of the inherent risks of equine activities

Be sure and read the entire Statute

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About West Nile Virus

This is a mosquito-borne disease that causes inflammation or swelling of the brain and spinal cord. Since its discovery in New York in 1999, the incidence of equine West Nile Virus has more than doubled. Once horses show clinical signs of illness, the disease is fatal nearly 40% of the time.

 

Signs of West Nile Virus:

These symptoms can be confused with rabies, EPM ("Possum Disease), equine encephalitis, and other serious neurological diseases. If you see these signs in your horse, see your veterinarian immediately.

· Stumbling or tripping

· Muscle weakness or twitching

· Partial paralysis

· Loss of appetite

· Depression or lethargy

· Head pressing or tilt

· Impaired vision

· Wandering or circling

· Inability to swallow

· Inability to stand up

· Fever

· Convulsions

· Coma

How do horses get West Nile virus?

The cycle starts with infected birds, which can travel long distances in a short amount of time.   When a mosquito bites a bird carrying the West Nile virus, it too becomes infected. The mosquito then feeds on a horse, human or other mammal. Once a horse has been bitten, it may take only 5 to 15 days for signs of West Nile virus to appear.

Treatment: There is no specific treatment for West Nile virus. Your veterinarian may be able to provide supportive therapy that can save your horses life. However, in addition to good mosquito control, there is now a vaccine that may aid in the prevention of disease caused by West Nile virus.

Mosquito control tips:

· Keep horses stabled during dawn and dusk, when mosquitoes are most active.

· Turn off lights that attract mosquitoes at night.

· Use fluorescent lights, which do not attract mosquitoes.

· Keep screens in stable windows.

· Eliminate common mosquito breeding areas like shallow stagnant water and puddles.

· Empty water collecting in buckets, tarps or tires.

· Clean water troughs once a week.

· Use peripheral mosquito repellents 

--James B. Tennyson, Equine News

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Horse Age Vs Human Age

AGE OF HUMANS~~~~~~~~~~AGE OF HORSES

20~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~5

40~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~10

50~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~15

60~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~20

70~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~25

80~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~30

90~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~35

The typical life span of a horse is about twenty years.  With crossbreds its slightly longer.  A Working horse is considered to be old at the age of 17, the legs usually being the first to fail.  The world record lifespan of a horse is sixty-two years, for an eighteen-century horse called Old Billy, that was born in 1760 and died in 1822.  He was working till the age of fifty-nine.  People aren't sure if he was just a remarkable horse, or two old Billy's accidentally or purposely condensed into one, which did occur often back then.  The oldest pony that lived till the age of fifty four, in France.  The oldest race horse went till forty-two years.  His name was Tango Duke in Australia, 1935-78.  There are many exceptional records, but of course they are very, very unusual.

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Horse Facts

A stallion is a male horse

A mare is a female horse

A foal is a baby horse

A filly is a young female horse

A colt is a young male horse

A foal is a yearling after it's first birthday

A sire is the word used for the father of a horse

A dam is the word used for the mother of a horse

A pony is not a baby horse. It is a fully grown small horse

A horse's height is measured in hands. One hand = 4"

 

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There are over 350 different breeds of horses and ponies.

These fall into four main groups:

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"Light" horses with small bones, thin legs and weighing less than 1300 pounds
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Thoroughbreds, Quarter Horses, Morgan horses and Arabians.

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"Heavy" or draft horses which can weigh up to 2000 pounds and are strong with large bones and sturdy legs
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Percherons, Draft, Clydesdale, and Shire horses

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Ponies which are usually not more than 58 inches tall (about 14 hands and under)
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Shetland, Halflinger, and Caspian ponies.

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Feral horses which are wild or semi-wild horses.
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A mustang is a feral horse.

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Horses are measured by the width of a human hand- 4 inches or 10 centimeters.  Measurement is taken from the ground up to the withers, the highest point on the horse's shoulder.  
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A light horse such as a Lipizzana, measures between 15.1 and 16.2h

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